Thursday 7 September 2017

Cause and effect comedy: towards long-winded laughs with Bojack Horseman and Silicon Valley

An analysis of two jokes from the finales of season 4 of Silicon Valley and season 3 of Bojack Horseman

SPOILERS

The golden age of television (sorry correction: the golden age of saying it’s ‘the golden age of television’).  Supposedly we are living in it and have been since seeing ducks in his pool was too much for Tony Soprano in 1999.


Since then our computer screens have been graced with a plethora of antiheroes, and our collective cup runneth over with meth, advertising agencies, zombies and robot cowboys.

Unfortunately, what often gets left out of this conversation about ‘quality TV’ is the brilliant comedies that have been coming out hard and fast. Actually, that’s not true. Parks and Recreation, Veep, Community, Broadcity have all been praised for being of a high-standard. But the conversation about comedy has been marginal to the one about drama. Supposedly, quality drama challenges the viewer with its post-modern take on the protagonist and morality, whereas quality comedy is just the big bang theory for people who want cultural capital. Well, two phrases question the separation of these two conversations. They are:

‘Spaghetti or not, here I come’

And

‘Suck it Jin Yang’

Let me explain.

Silicon Valley and Bojack Horseman are both in some sense post-sitcoms. They are very aware of sitcom tropes and are therefore meta, but not for the sake of being meta because it’s marketable and cool. They use their awareness of the sitcom form to mess with it. The most crucial rupture of the sitcom form is that they give actions consequences. All actions. Every single one.

An episode in these shows is not a vacuum. What happened last week (or 15 seconds ago for Bojack) affects what is happening now. More importantly, it has bearing on the characters. It’s cause and effect on a human level. It extends beyond romance, the place where sitcoms have tended to situate longer narrative arcs. In every episode, new narrative threads are thrown in by the writers to give meat for the characters to chew on, but not for the sole purpose of giving the audience a feeling of resolution 22 to 30 minutes later. These narrative strands are not discarded once the episode is over. These shows have a memory and use that memory to craft complex self-referential jokes, which are the culmination of several disparate narratives throughout that season (or seasons). Mapping the creation of these jokes demonstrates the potential of taking cause and effect seriously in television comedy.

Let’s start with Bojack Horseman.

At the start of the last episode of Season 3, character actress Margot Martindale is sailing the seas on the boat she stole from Bojack. Character actress Margot Martindale is spotted by blimp pilots, whose blimp is one of the ‘You are Secretariat’ mirror ads that Bojack insisted on having as part of the marketing campaign. The blimp pilot also sees that character actress Margo Martindale is on a collision course with a big trade ship, full of spaghetti. The spaghetti is for the new restaurant of the ex-manager of Bojack’s restaurant Elephante, who was fired as a misunderstanding before being fired for insulting Bojack. They crash and spaghetti spills into the ocean. The pasta starts cooking when the mirror blimp reflects the sun’s rays onto the site of the crash boiling the ocean water. Now a huge load of cooked spaghetti is heading directly for Pacific Ocean city. A news report begs for a saviour who happens to have a metric shit ton of spaghetti strainers and access to a fleet of cars (wo)manned by strong swimmers. Mr Peanutbutter, after getting out of a matinee, comes to the rescue in a Fury-Roadesque convoy and utters the immortal words ‘Spaghetti or not, here I come’.

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Mad Mr Peanutbutter: Hell in a hybrid
That’s a lot of narratives coming together in service of a pasta pun. They all come from different moments in the series. Character actress Margot Martindale becomes a wanted criminal after being pushed to do real live theatre by Bojack in episode 9 of season 2 and only appears briefly in episode 7 of season 3. In that same episode, Bojack tries to make a powerful emotional statement with his choice of the mirror ad, which completely backfires as an ad campaign and creates hazards for people on the roads.

The manager of Elephante gets fired in episode 9, an episode that is about Bojack and Princess Carolyn’s relationship, and the cycle of failure and disappointment they have been trapped in. Pacific Ocean city is the setting of episode 4 in which Bojack is unable to make decisive action making him feel powerless, magnificently realised through the lack of dialogue due to a translator switch not being turned on. Both of these episodes painfully highlight the Bojack’s fruitless attempts to do good.

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Happiness is an unsustainable position. *unattainable
One of the key elements for the delivery of the punch line (pun intended), is the Cabracadra concept, which on its own is a satire of good-intentioned but short-sighted and contradictory male thinking in terms of feminism. This narrative comes out of one of Todd’s stream of consciousness ideas that someone latches on to in episode 5, and develops over the course of the season.

The boat itself is a significant symbol, as the sight of one of Bojack’s most haunting transgressions: almost sleeping with the teenage Penny. This event comes up several times in season 3, in episode 1 and 11, as it weighs heavily on Bojack, highlighting the emotional pain of the cause and effect used in the show.

The piece de resistance and the punchline of this joke is first introduced in episode 1 of this season, when Mr Peanutbutter buys a factory load of spaghetti strainers. No real reason is given for buying the spaghetti strainers at the time, and Mr Peanutbutter is totally comfortable with that, explicitly saying it will pay off. This winking and nudging to the audience about the inevitability of a payoff for the spaghetti strainers continues in the next couple episodes and then isn’t mentioned for the rest of the season. That being said, they are often seen in the background, as are the secretariat mirror ads, again highlighting the continuity and consistency of the Bojack Horseman universe.

All of these elements are developed independently from one another, servicing a narrative or character arc in their own right. The tone and emotional intensity of these narratives varies widely and the joke manages to bring all of them to a conclusion in a magnificent crescendo of self-aware comedy that does justice to all these narrative threads. It also has thematic resonance as every element of the catastrophe can be linked to Bojack’s actions and its resolution is entirely dependent on Mr Peanutbutter being the saviour, thus displacing the show’s own protagonist from the hero role. Bojack’s decisions whether they be selfish, misguided or spiteful all have negative consequences. Mr Peanutbutter on the other hand, acts out of a desire to do good (which in other shows would be cynically derided as naivety) and is rewarded by falling ass-backwards into being the hero. Speaking of falling ass-backwards, Silicon Valley takes cause and effect and ramps it up past the theoretical Weismann limit and then some.

Whereas Bojack Horseman’s use of cause and effect is primarily as a way to make Bojack feel the weight of his actions and of the hurt he causes, Silicon Valley uses cause and effect with a scientific precision to create a sense of powerlessness for its characters and dread for the audience. But, like for jokes.

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The birth of great technology
At the end of Season 4 of Silicon Valley, Richard has bent a lot of rules and exploited all options trying to prove that his new internet works. It hasn’t gone well. No amount of morally corrupt utilitarian reasoning has been able to save him and he must now face the music (Pied Piper! Get it??). He is joined by his team of guys in the lobby of the insurance company whose data they think they have lost. An employee of the company mentions to them that the network they built is pretty cool and is working great. Confused, they check and find that the network is alive and prospering on a host of smart fridges, exactly like the one that Gilfoyle hacked into in episode 7. Dinesh then asks the very valid question of ‘why did Dan Melcher want to see them?’, the answer to which is revealed when Melcher unceremoniously tackles and starts beating on Richard, having recently found out that Richard and his fiancĂ©e had a sexual romp earlier in Season 4.

Here’s a clip (with the original fridge gag from season 7 at the start) that makes the last paragraph close to pointless:


This is a little more complicated than Bojack because Silicon Valley is much less serialised than Bojack. An episode of Bojack has several narratives as does Silicon Valley, but the central narrative of Bojack is pretty much always contained within that episode. For Silicon Valley, by nature of the subject of the show, namely a small tech companies attempt at success that more often than not means just surviving, the central narrative is usually a direct continuation from last episode. Gilfoyle will mercilessly mock Dinesh for some fashion choice and Ehrlich will exploit Bighead, whilst Richard tries to keep the company from going under.

The beauty of the fridge joke is that it uses a Gilfoyle side narrative from a random episode in the season to provide the saviour of the company, in the same way that Dinesh’s narrative in which he applies the Pied Piper algorithm to vid chat, gave a lifeline to the company at the end of season 3. The company isn’t saved by some brilliant planning. In fact, plans always fall apart. It’s fixed by Dinesh and Gilfoyle using the application for personal use, exactly what Richard wants to facilitate on a global scale. In terms of narrative, Dinesh’s vid chat propels the narrative forward at the start of season 4, and is thus tied to the punch line.

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The Ghostface Killah of HBO
Let’s talk about the punch line. In Episode 7, when Gilfoyle originally hacks into Jian Yang’s (misspelled as Jin Yang on the fridge) fridge because he hates the dumbing down of powerful technology for it to seem more approachable. It’s an anti-humanist view of the purpose of technology, which is directly reflected in Gilfoyle’s own machine that he built in the garage; Anton. Gilfoyle uses Anton to brute force his way into the smart fridge, thus linking the two machines. The self-correcting network technology on the fridge, extends that connection to all the same models of smart fridges. Thus, when Richard’s last Hail Mary attempt to save his decentralised internet fails after having alienated Jarod, exploited Big head, and killed Anton, the smart fridges all ‘correct’ and ‘update’ with the data from Anton. The joke relies on this new technology and a characters averse response to what he calls ‘solutionism at its worst’. It uses the rules and reality of its characters and world to find a satisfying resolution. In other words, it’s damn good writing.


Image result for twin peaks damn good
Like this but with pens and paper 
The final piece of plotting genius, is in the joke after the joke. Melcher’s tackle comes in fast, breaking up the slow montage rhythm reveal of the smart fridges all with ‘suck it Jin Yang’ and the insurance companies’ data on them. The slowly creeping resolution of the joke, is immediately followed up by the tying up of a narrative started in episode 6 in a moment that is both self-referential (Ehrlich was also attacked by Melcher when he found out he had slept with his second wife at the end of Season 1) and great physical comedy.
Spaghetti strainers and a French mime sucking an endless cock. That is the saviours in the season finales of these shows, and the way forward for sitcoms. Both tie together several unrelated narratives, built up throughout their respective season. For Bojack Horseman, it’s another example Bojack’s toxicity and for Silicon Valley, it demonstrates the futility of planning for success in the tech industry. Both jokes are plotted from a long way back, and require writing with forethought and intention. By using cause and effect on a human and narrative level, they create finely crafted jokes that are not only hilarious and extremely satisfying for fans, they are microcosms of the respective shows’ themes. It's TV that would make the Vince Gilligan and Jenji Kohan's of this world proud.